Mastering IEC 60890: A Complete Guide to Temperature Rise Calculation in Electrical Enclosures

 Understanding the temperature rise calculation IEC 60890 is crucial for engineers and designers working with electrical enclosures. The IEC 60890 standard provides a method to estimate temperature increases inside electrical panels, ensuring safe operation and preventing overheating. This guide explains the key principles, formulas, and steps to perform accurate calculations while staying compliant.

---

Why Temperature Rise Calculation Matters

Electrical enclosures must dissipate heat efficiently to avoid component failure. Excessive temperature rise can lead to:

• Reduced lifespan of electrical components
• Increased risk of short circuits
• Non-compliance with safety regulations

The IEC 60890 standard offers a systematic approach to predict and control temperature rise, ensuring reliability and safety.

---

Key Factors in IEC 60890 Temperature Rise Calculation

1. Heat Dissipation Inside the Enclosure

The standard considers:

• Power losses from installed equipment
• Enclosure material (steel, aluminum, etc.)
• Surface area for natural cooling

2. Ambient Temperature Influence

The surrounding temperature affects internal heat buildup. The calculation adjusts for different environmental conditions.

3. Ventilation and Cooling Methods

• Natural convection (passive cooling)
• Forced ventilation (fans, air conditioning)

---

Step-by-Step Temperature Rise Calculation per IEC 60890

Step 1: Determine Total Power Loss (P)

Sum the heat generated by all components inside the enclosure.

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cooling Surface Area (A)

The enclosure’s surface area impacts heat dissipation.

Step 3: Apply the IEC 60890 Formula

The standard provides empirical formulas to estimate temperature rise

Where:

• k = Material coefficient
• x = Exponent based on enclosure type

Step 4: Verify Against Maximum Allowable Temperature

Compare the calculated ΔT with component ratings to ensure compliance.

---

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Ignoring non-uniform heat distribution
• Overlooking solar radiation effects (for outdoor enclosures)
• Incorrect material thermal conductivity values

---

Conclusion

Accurate temperature rise calculation IEC 60890 ensures electrical enclosures operate safely and efficiently. By following the standard’s guidelines, engineers can prevent overheating, extend equipment life, and meet regulatory requirements.

For complex installations, consider thermal simulation software for precise analysis.

IEC STANDARD DOWNLOAD

UL-Listed vs. Non-Listed Enclosures: Safety, Compliance & Cost Compared

 When selecting electrical enclosures for your project, one critical decision is whether to choose UL-Listed vs. non-Listed enclosures. Understanding the differences between these two types can impact safety, compliance, and performance.

In this guide, we’ll break down the key differences between UL-Listed and non-Listed enclosures, helping you make an informed decision for your application.

What Does UL-Listed Mean?

UL (Underwriters Laboratories) is a globally recognized safety certification organization. A UL-Listed enclosure means it has undergone rigorous testing to meet specific safety standards for electrical equipment.

Benefits of UL-Listed Enclosures:

✔ Safety Assurance – Tested for fire resistance, impact protection, and environmental durability.
✔ Compliance with Codes – Required by many local and national electrical codes (e.g., NEC).
✔ Insurance & Liability – Many insurers prefer UL-certified products to reduce risk.
✔ Market Trust – UL certification enhances credibility with customers and inspectors.

What Are Non-Listed Enclosures?

Non-Listed enclosures have not been evaluated by UL or other nationally recognized testing laboratories (NRTLs). While they may still be functional, they lack verified compliance with safety standards.

Considerations for Non-Listed Enclosures:

⚠ Lower Cost – Often cheaper due to the absence of certification expenses.
⚠ Potential Risks – May not meet fire, electrical, or environmental safety standards.
⚠ Limited Acceptance – Some projects (especially commercial or industrial) may reject non-certified enclosures.

Key Differences Between UL-Listed and Non-Listed Enclosures

Feature	UL-Listed Enclosures	Non-Listed Enclosures
Safety Certification	Tested and certified by UL	No third-party certification
Compliance	Meets NEC, OSHA, and local codes	May not meet required standards
Durability	Verified for impact, weather, and fire resistance	No guaranteed performance testing
Cost	Higher due to testing & certification	Typically lower
Acceptance	Widely accepted in commercial/industrial use	May be restricted in certain applications

When Should You Use UL-Listed vs. Non-Listed Enclosures?

Choose UL-Listed Enclosures If:

• Your project requires compliance with electrical codes (NEC, OSHA).
• You need enclosures for harsh environments (outdoor, industrial, or hazardous locations).
• Insurance or inspectors demand certified products.

Non-Listed Enclosures May Be Suitable If:

• The application is low-risk (e.g., non-critical indoor use).
• Budget constraints outweigh certification needs.
• The enclosure is used in a non-regulated setting (e.g., DIY projects).

Final Thoughts

Choosing between UL-Listed vs. non-Listed enclosures depends on safety requirements, compliance needs, and budget. While UL-Listed enclosures provide verified safety and regulatory compliance, non-Listed options may work for less critical applications.

Before making a decision, always check local codes and project specifications to ensure the right choice for your needs.

How To Upgrade Electrical Service From 100 to 200 amps

"A Comprehensive Guide: Upgrading Your Electrical Service from 100 to 200 Amps"

Introduction:

In today's technologically advanced world, the demand for electricity in homes is higher than ever. If you find yourself frequently tripping breakers or experiencing power shortages, it may be time to consider upgrading your electrical service from 100 to 200 amps. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the steps of this essential home improvement, ensuring a smooth transition to a more robust and efficient electrical system.

Why Upgrade?

Before delving into the upgrade process, it's crucial to understand why upgrading from 100 to 200 amps is necessary. A 200-amp service provides increased electrical capacity, allowing you to meet the demands of modern appliances, electronics, and other power-hungry devices. This upgrade enhances safety, reduces the risk of electrical fires, and accommodates future expansions or renovations in your home.

Step 1: Assess Your Electrical Needs

Begin by evaluating your current electrical usage and needs. Consider the appliances and devices in your home, and factor in any planned additions or renovations. A 200-amp service is ideal for larger homes or those with extensive electrical requirements, such as high-capacity air conditioning systems, electric vehicle chargers, or advanced home automation systems.

Step 2: Obtain Necessary Permits

Electrical upgrades are not DIY projects; they require professional expertise and compliance with local building codes. Contact your local municipality to obtain the necessary permits for the upgrade. Working without proper permits can result in fines and may jeopardize the safety of your home.

Step 3: Hire a Licensed Electrician

Engage a licensed and experienced electrician to carry out the upgrade. A qualified professional will assess your current electrical system, develop a detailed plan, and ensure the installation adheres to local codes and regulations. Working with a licensed electrician ensures the safety and reliability of your upgraded electrical service.

Step 4: Plan the Service Panel Upgrade

The heart of your electrical system is the service panel. Upgrading from 100 to 200 amps involves installing a larger service panel that can accommodate the increased capacity. Your electrician will carefully plan the panel upgrade, ensuring it meets the specifications of your local electrical code.

Step 5: Upgrade Wiring and Circuits

In addition to the service panel, the wiring and circuits throughout your home may need upgrading to handle the increased electrical load. Your electrician will assess the existing wiring, replacing any outdated or inadequate components to guarantee the safe and efficient distribution of electricity.

Step 6: Install a New Main Breaker

The main breaker is a crucial component that protects your electrical system from overloads. With a 200-amp upgrade, a new main breaker will be installed to accommodate the increased capacity. This step is essential for maintaining the safety and reliability of your electrical system.

Step 7: Grounding and Bonding

Proper grounding and bonding are vital for electrical safety. During the upgrade, your electrician will ensure that your home is appropriately grounded and bonded, minimizing the risk of electrical shock and protecting your appliances and electronics.

Step 8: Inspections and Final Approval

Once the upgrade is complete, your local building department will conduct inspections to ensure that the work complies with safety codes and regulations. This final step is crucial for obtaining the necessary approvals and certificates for your upgraded electrical service.

Conclusion:

Upgrading your electrical service from 100 to 200 amps is a significant investment in the safety, efficiency, and functionality of your home. By following these steps and working with a licensed electrician, you can navigate the process smoothly and enjoy the benefits of a more robust electrical system. Don't compromise on safety and reliability—make the upgrade today and future-proof your home for the demands of tomorrow's technology.

Protecting Electrical Systems with Reliable Electrical Enclosures

Protecting Electrical Systems with Reliable Electrical Enclosures

In the realm of modern electrical infrastructure, the significance of durable and efficient electrical enclosures cannot be overstated. These enclosures are pivotal in safeguarding vital components from various external elements, ensuring the smooth functioning and longevity of electrical systems. From industrial facilities to commercial establishments, electrical enclosures play a pivotal role in ensuring safety and reliability. Let's delve into the world of electrical enclosures, their importance, types, and the factors to consider while choosing the most suitable one for your application.

The Importance of Electrical Enclosures

Electrical enclosures act as shields, guarding sensitive electrical components from harsh environments, dust, moisture, and other potentially damaging elements. By preventing the entry of foreign particles, they significantly reduce the risk of short circuits, electrical fires, and other hazardous incidents, thereby ensuring the safety of both personnel and equipment. Moreover, these enclosures help maintain the integrity of the electrical components, enhancing their durability and longevity, and reducing the need for frequent repairs or replacements.

Types of Electrical Enclosures

Electrical enclosures come in various types, each designed to cater to specific environmental conditions and industry requirements. Some common types include:

1. Wall-Mount Enclosures: These are typically used for applications where floor space is limited. They are mounted directly on walls and are available in various sizes to accommodate different equipment.

2. Freestanding Enclosures: Ideal for housing larger equipment, freestanding enclosures offer more internal space and often come with additional features such as cable management and ventilation options.

3. Modular Enclosures: Known for their flexibility, modular enclosures allow for customization and expansion as per specific needs. They are particularly useful in industries with evolving requirements.

4. Stainless Steel Enclosures: These are preferred in environments where corrosion and rust are major concerns. They offer high resistance to harsh chemicals and are suitable for industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and marine applications.

Factors to Consider when Choosing Electrical Enclosures

Selecting the right electrical enclosure is crucial for ensuring the long-term performance and safety of electrical systems. Here are some key factors to consider:

1. Environmental Conditions: Evaluate the surrounding environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and exposure to chemicals to determine the level of protection required.

2. Size and Space Requirements: Consider the dimensions of the electrical components to be housed and the available space for the enclosure to ensure a proper fit.

3. Material and Durability: Choose materials based on the environmental conditions and the level of protection required. Stainless steel, aluminum, and polycarbonate are common materials known for their durability and corrosion resistance.

4. IP (Ingress Protection) Rating: Check the IP rating to ensure the enclosure is suitable for the intended environment. Higher IP ratings indicate better protection against dust, water, and other foreign objects.

5. Compliance with Industry Standards: Ensure that the chosen enclosure complies with industry-specific standards and regulations to guarantee the safety and reliability of the electrical system.

Conclusion

Electrical enclosures are an integral component of any electrical system, providing protection and ensuring the smooth functioning of critical equipment. By understanding the importance of these enclosures, the available types, and the key factors to consider when selecting one, you can make an informed decision that will enhance the safety and efficiency of your electrical infrastructure. Invest in high-quality electrical enclosures to safeguard your electrical systems and promote a secure working environment.

Short Circuit Withstand Testing on an Electrical Panel (IEC61439)

In the above video you can see an Electrical panel blast due to short circuits withstanding testing according to IEC 61439 -1.

 

Pollution Degree of Environment Conditions IEC 60947–1 (Climate Effect of the Electrical Panelboard)

  Pollution Degree of Environment Conditions IEC 60947–1 (Climate Effect of the Electrical Panelboard)

Pollution degree

Pollution degree is a grouping as per how much dry Pollution and buildup are present in the climate. This grouping is significant since it influences creepage and clearance distances expected to guarantee the well-being of an electrical panel. Office and lab regions are viewed as Pollution degree 2 conditions as per wellbeing norms and confirmation bodies.

Pollution degree 1 might be viewed as inside fixed parts and inside air/water-tight nooks. Pollution degree 3 is a more brutal climate run-of-the-mill in numerous modern assembling regions.World standard institute guidelines bodies like Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and IEC

 

Pollution degree of environment conditions IEC 60947–1

"Conventional number based on the amount of conductive or hygroscopic dust, ionized gas or salt and on the relative humidity and its frequency of occurrence, resulting in hygroscopic absorption or condensation of moisture leading to a reduction in dielectric strength and/or surface resistivity".

Standard IEC 60947-1 distinguishes four pollution degrees:

Degree 1. No pollution or only dry, non-conductive pollution occurs.

Degree 2. Normally, only non-conductive pollution occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused by condensation may be expected.

Degree 3. Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation.

Degree 4. The pollution generates persistent conductivity caused, for instance, by conductive dust or by rain or snow.

Safety guidelines, like UL and IEC, determine proper distances between high voltage and wellbeing low voltage signals. These distances help to guarantee administrator security and are reliant upon ecological circumstances, (for example Pollution degree). Table 2 shows a correlation of the necessary distances among high and low voltage signals in a Pollution degree 1 and Pollution degree 2 climate.

You can download the copy of the Free ebook about pollution degrees & IEC standards from the link below, for more details visit blog electricalenclosure.blogspot.com

https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/S05/is.iec.60947.1.2007.pdf

IS/IEC 60947-1 (2007): Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, Part 1: General rules (resource.org)

IEC Contactor Application Ratings (Cuttler Hammer Technical Data )

 IEC Contactor Application Ratings (Cuttler Hammer Technical Data )

DOWNLOAD :

http://support.automationdirect.com/docs/iec_contactors.pdf

 

Electrical installation guide 2010 According to IEC international standards

 

DOWNLOAD :

http://www.east-med.schneider-electric.com/documents/electrical-distribution/en/shared/eig_guide2010/Doc-pour-visualisation_basse_def.pdf

 

UL Panelboards and Swbds

DOWNLOAD :

http://www.cscos.com/wp-content/uploads/Electrical-1_Basic-Panelboards_Vild.pdf

 

ABB MNS-MCC Low Voltage Motor Control Center Application Guide

 

Download :

 

http://www.primedevices.com/Images/PDF/ABB_MCC.pdf

 

Comparison of IEC & NEMA Schematic Diagrams

Download :

 

http://www.offshore-industries.com.sg/images/comparison_of_iec_and_nema_schematic_diagrams.pdf

 

Eaton Basic wiring for motor control

 

Download :

 

http://www.eriebearings.com/motor-control/files/eaton-motor-control-basic-wiring.pdf